Sifaynta Shidaalka: (WQ: Eng. Abdifatah Omer)

In kasta oo aanan anigu shakhsiyan wax xog ka haynin warshadda sifayn doonta shdiaalka ee Berbera laga yagleelayo, haddana ma ka jawaabi karnaa su’aasa ah dal sida Somaliland ahi ma yeelan karaa warshad shidaalka lagu sifeeyo?

Marka hore, shidaalku sidiisaba wuxuu ka samaysan yahay walxo isku dhafan oo Hydrocarbon ka samaysan, oo la yidhaa asalkoodu wuxuu ka yimiday noole bari hore duugmay oo isir doorsoomay ( fossil fuels).

Sifayntu shidaalku waxay martaa laba heer, waxana loo kala sameeyaa laba warshadood.

Warshadda hore ee sifaysa shidaalka waxa la yagleelaa goob ku dhow ceelasha ( Oil Field Treatment), shaqada ugu muhiimsan ee warshaddanina waa in shidaalka ceelka ka soo baxay ka reebto wixii soo raacay ee ciid ah ama biyo ah, iyo sidii kale in ay dhinac u weeciyo gaasta dabiiciga ah ee ceelka ku jirta ee ka dhalatay dabaca ku dhacay cadaadiska ceelka si uu ugu dambayn u soo hadho shidaal caydhiin oo mutaxan (crude oil).

Warshadda labaad waa ta liyidhaa “Oil Refinery”. Shaqada ugu muhiimsan ee ay qabataana ay tahay in ay shidaalkan caydhiin karkariso (heating), marka dambana ukala saarto sida ay u kala jajabiso sida ay u heer kul duwan yihiin (fractional distillation). Kala sifayntani waa meesha shidaalkii caydhiinaa u baddashada walxaha ay ka midka yihiin: Neefta Shidaalka (petroleum Gas) ee aynu wax ku karsanno, shidaalka ijiinnada ee Petrol iyo Diesel ( batrool iyo naafto ayaynu u naqaannaa) shidaalka diyaaradaha, Kerosine ( waa ta aynu u naqaanno gaas-ka, ee ay shawladaha ku adeegsan jirnay), Saliid ijiinnada, Saliidaha birta lagu xaydheeyo, daamurka oo hadhaadiga hore ah, iyo walxo kimikaad oo kale.

Warshado kale oo muhiima ayaa ka siib bilaabma taa, oo la yidhaa Petro-chemicals Industry, ayna ugu mudantahay soo saarista noocyaa kala duwan ee balaastigga.

Su’aasha ah dal aan lahayn shidaal ma samaysan karaa warshad sifaysa shidaal, jawaabtu waa haa. Laakiin waxa uu samaysan karaa kaliya warshada dambe, oo inta uu soo dhoofsado shidaal caydhiin isagu usii kala jajabsada walaxahaa aynu hore usoo soo xusnay. Haddii marka dambe dalka shidaal laga soo saaro, warshadda horana uu ku darsanayaa.

Tusaale ahaan Soomaaliya waxay ay lahaan jirtay Warshada Sifaynta Batroolka ee Xamar, oo la dhisay 1978kii, muggeeeda wax soo saar ahaa 500,000 Metric Ton, laakiin waligeed aan la gaadhin xaddigaa, maadaama ay caqabad kala kulmi jiratay in shidaal caydhiin o ku fian la keeno. Waxa ka caawisay Jamhuuriyaddii Ciraaq.