Taariikhda Khilaafka guunka ah ee Iiraan iyo Maraykanka (WQ: Rashiid Odowaa)

Waxay ahayd 1953 markii hayadda sirdoonka Maraykanka ee CIA ay wax ka fulisay ama ay dabada ka riixaysay inqilaabkii lagu riday Ra’iisal wasarihii Muhamad Musadaq hoggamiyihii cilmaaniga ahaa kaas oo ku tallaabsaday inuu qarameeyo warshadahii Iran ee saliidda ceydhin sifayn jiray.

1979kii ayay ahayd markii Shaahii Iran Muxamaed Reza pahlevi oo maraykanku taageeri jiray laga caydhiyay dalka ka dib mudahaarado iyo qul-qulatooyin lagaga horjeedo xukunkiisa oo ahaa Cilmaani isla markaana aad u cadaadin jiray culimada diinta.

Laba wiig ka dib waxa dalka dib ugu soo noqday hoggaamiyaha diinta islaamiga ah  Ayatullah khumeini oo dalka musaafuris kaga maqnaa, ka dib afti la qaaday ayaa waxa lagu dhawaaqay Jamhuriyadda Iraan 1 april 1979kii.

Nov 1979kii ayay ahayd markii dad cadhaysan ay qabsadeen Safaaraddii Maraykanka ee Tehran caasimadda Iran waxanay shaqaalihii iyo madaxdii safaaraddu halkaas ku jireen 444 cisho,ugu danbayn waxa la sii daayay 52 la hayste jan.1981kii halka lix kalena hore ay shirkad filimada samaysaa si dhuumasho ah ula baxday,maalintaas maxabista Iran sii daysay waxay ku beegnayd maalintii loo xafladaynayay calemo saarka madaxweynihii Maraykanka ee Ronald Reagan.

1985- 1986 dii waxa dhacday maraykanka ayaa hoos ahaan Gantaalo uga iibiyay Iran isagoo ku abaal marinaya sii dayntii maxabiis maraykan ah oo Ururka Xisbullah ku haystay Lubnaan,hase ahaatee gantaalahaas waxa loo gudbiyay Urur Gorrilla ah oo ka dagaalami jiray Nicaragua halkaas oo fadexad kaga kacday Madaxweyne Reagan xukunkiisi halis gelisay.

Isla sanadkaa 1986 markab dagaal oo maraykanku leeyahay ayaa wuxu toogtay Diyaarad rakaab gacanka Persia waxana halkaas ku dhintay dhamaan rakaabkii saarnaa oo dhammaa 290 qof oo badnaa xujaaj ku socday Makka, maraykanku waxay sheegeen inay ku khaldeen oo ay moodeen diyaarad dagaal.

Sannadkii 2002 ayuu madaxweynihii George bush Iran ku daray liiska dalalka shar wadayaasha ah waxanu sadex kaga dhigay Iraq iyo Woqooyiga Kuriya arrintaas oo Iran ka cadhootay.

Isla sanadkaas 2002 ayaa kooxaha ka soo hor jeeda Iran waxay fashileen inay iran tayaynayso macdanta Uraniumka si ay u salaysato hubka wax gumaada ee Nuclearka.

Ka dib maraykanka ayaa ku eedeyay iran inay hoos ahaan u samaysanayso hubka Nuclearka,ka dib waxa socday muddo 10 sanadood ah wada hadal daalaadhacaya oo ay ku wada jireen hayadda Nuclearka Aduunka,Maraykanka iyo Iran.

Dhowr goor ayaa Iran cunaqabatayn la saaray,waxana hormuud ka ahaa UNta,USA iyo EU xilligii uu xukunka hayay Madaxweyne  Maxamud Axmedinajad taas oo iran ku keenaty inuu dhaqaleheedii 2/3 hoos u dhaco.

Sannadkii 2013-2016kii markii uu bil hayay xukunka madaxweyne Xassan Rouxani waxay telephone ku wada hadleen Madaxweyne Brack Obama waxayna ahayd markii ugu horraysay ee wada hadal noocaas ahi dhex maro laba madaxweyne oo ka soo kala jeeda labada dal muddo 30 sano ah.

2015 kii ayaa dhaq dhaqaaq diplomacy ka dib waxay iran la gaadhay heshiis quwadaha loo yaqaan (p5+1) oo macnehedu yahay quwadaha shanta ah oo lagu daray Jarmalka Iran waxay ogolaatay inay hoos u dhigto tayaynta macdanta Uraniumka isla markaana ay ogolaatay in kormeer caalami ahi la socdo howsheeda taas beddelkeedana laga qaado Cuno qabataynta.

2018 ayaa xiisaddu sare u kacday,madaxweyne Donald Trump ayaa ka baxay heshiiskii waxanu ku celiyay cunaqabatayntii wadamadii iyo shirkadihii kalena wuxu ku dhiiriyay inay joojiyaan shidaalkii ay ka iibsanayen halkaas oo dhaqaalihii Iran mar kale dhulka galay.

May 2019 waxa dab qabsaday lix markab oo kuwa shidaalka qaada ah,iyagoo maraya gacanka Cummaan Maraykanka ayaa ku eedeyay Iran arrintaas.

20 june 2019 xoogaga ilaalada kacanka Iran waxay soo rideen Diyaarad Drone ah oo maraykanku leeyahay Gacanka Hormuz Iran waxay ku doodday inay hawadeeda soo gashay lakin Maraykanku wuxu ku dooday inay dul mataysay biyaha caalamiga ah.

Sannadkan cusub ee 2020 ayay Maraykanku duqayn cirka ah ku dileen General Qassim Sulleymani oo ahaa janan awood badan oo aad looga danbeeyo waddanka Iran cadho xoog leh ayay arrintani abuurtay waxayna Iran kaga jawaabtay inay gantaalo ku duqayso Saldhigyada Maraykanka ee ku yaalla Iraq,waxay kaloo Iran ku dhawaaqday inay ka baxday heshiiskii Nuclearka ee ay la gashay quwadaha (p5+1) xaaladuna waxay taagantahay is mari waa illaa hadda.

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-24316661

Rashiid Odowaa Diplomacy and IR

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