Qoraalkani wuxu dadba socdaa kii aan kaga hadlaynay bangiyada ribawiga ah
Waa maxay Riba?
Kalmad ama luuqa ahaan waa: Kordhid, siyaado, iyo Biirid.
Sharciyan waa:
- korodh ama biiro lagu helay wax aan u dhigmin oo manfaca ah,taasoo shuruud laga dhigay iyada oo maslaxo u ah mid ka mid ah labada dhinac ee wax is waydaarsanaysa.
waa korodh xaga wax isdhaafsiga ah
- Waa dayn lagu siiyo oo leh korodh shardi ah oo uu bixinayo qofka wax daynsaday.
waa korodh xaga daynta ah
- Waa korodh walba oo sharcidaro ah oo qof ama dadka ay dulsaartaan qofkale ama dad kale lacagtooda ama badeecadooda.
Waa korodh walba oo sharci daro ah
Noocyada Ribada:
Ribadu way noocyo badantahay waana ilaa 72 nooc, laakin halkan Waxaan ku sheegidoonaa laba ka mid ah oon mid walba laba usii kala qaadi doono oo khuseeyaa shaqooyinka qaarka ay qabtaan bangiyada islaamiga ah ee Somaliland ka shaqeeya.
Ribada Beeca
- Riba al-Nasiah: korodh ka yimaada xaga iibka daynta ah
Tusaale ahaan: hadaad maanta shay aad igaga iibinayso dayn, ood waqti bil ah amaa sanad aad iga sugayso qiimaha waad dalacaysaa sababtuna waa kala duwanaanshaha laba xili een lacagta kala qaadanayo, marka dulsaarkaa noocaas ahi waa riba ,waayo hadaan wato kaash oon maanta aan shayga kaa iibsanayo qiimuhu wuu ka yaraanayaa ka dayn iibka ah, dulsaaarkan waxaad ku xidhaysaa waqtiga ood leedahay lacag buu u dhigmaa.(Time value of money)
Markaa laba shay oo isku mid ihi oo la isdhaafsadaa waa isku mid un xataa hadii waqtiga la is dhaafsaday uu kala duwanyahay.
(Halkan waan ku noqon doonaa marka laga hadlayo Muraabaxada)
“O those who believe, fear Allah and give up what still remains of the riba if you are believers. But if you do not, then listen to the declaration of war from Allah and His Messenger. And if you repent, yours is your principal. Neither you wrong, nor be wronged.” [Al-Baqarah 2:278-279]
Aayadan hadaad eegto cida la leeyahay Ilaahay(SW) ka cabsada oo iska daaya waxa wali riba ah ee idin baaqiya waa kuwaa ilaahay u qiray inay yihiin mu`miniin, lana leeyahay hadaad tihiin kuwo runtii mu`muniin ah.
Hadaad laakin dhigaysanwaydaan Ilaahay iyo Rasuulkiisa u diyaar galooba dagaal aad la galaysaan Ilaahay (SW) iyo Rasuulkiisa(SCW) . hadaba hadaad ka waantawdaan waxaad leedahay lacagtaadi oo bilaa dulsaar ah markaa waxba maad dulmin adigana laguma dulmin. [Al-Baqarah 2:278-279]
- Riba al-Fadl ( korodhkani waxa uu ka yimaadaa marka laba shay oo isku mid ah lagu kala badsado iyada oo loo eegayo tayadooda).
Tusaale ahaan: laba kiiloo oo timir xun hadad ku badalato hal kiiloo timir fiican ah. Tani waa ribo sababtoo ah timirta xun iyo timirta wanaagsani hadaad alaab kale ku iibso aad istidhaahdo in isku mid ah ayey kuu go`ynayaan markaa hal kiiloo oo timiri ha tayo xumaado amaa ha tayo sareeyo suuqa wax uun buu kaaga wada go`ynayaa.
Timirtu waxay ku jirtaa lixda shay ee aan la kala badsan sababtuna waa: Waqtigii Rasuulka(SCW) marka ay suuqa lacagtu ku yaraato lixdii shay ay timirku ku jirto ayaa lacag ahaan loo isticmaali jiray, markaa haday mar uun lacag loo isticmaalay tayada lama tix galinayo. Marka tan hadii la ogolaado macnaheedu waa lacagna waa la kala badsan karaa iyada oo loo eegayo cusaybka iyo duuga
Boqol dollar oo cusub iyo boqol dollar oo duugoobay wax uunbay kuu wada go`ynayaan.
Waxaynaa lixdaa shay ka simanyihiin iyo wixii kale ee shurudahan buuxiyaa
- In la Miisaami karo
- In lacag loo isticmaali karo
- Inay jiri karaan
- In la heli karo
- In ay ku badanyihiin meeshaas
Narrated ‘Umar: The Prophet said, “The selling of wheat for wheat is riba except if it is handed from hand to hand and equal in amount. Similarly the selling of barley for barley is riba except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and dates for dates is riba except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount.” (Bukhari 1985, h. 2026)
Riba al- Duyuun( korodhka ka yimaada xaga daynta)
- Ribabada daynta: korodhkani waxaa uu ka yimaadaa marka lacag cad lagu daymiyo tusaale ahaan 1000 shilling laguna yidhaahdo lacagtaa kusoo celi muda bil ah waxaanad soo helisaa lacagtaa boqolkiiba toban iyo 1000 kii shillingba. Markaa boqolkiiba tobankaasi waa dulsaar oo waa riba.
- Riba al jaahiliya: korodhkani wax uu ka yimaadaa marka shay lagaa iibiyo amaa lagu daymiyo ee waqti laguu qabto markaa hadaad waqti gii daynta laguu qabtay aad kusoo celinwaydo waxaa lagu dulsaarayaa ganaax kaaso ah isna ribo hadaad hadana dib uga dhacdo hadana dulsaar kale ayaa lagu sii saarayaa.
Hadaba hadaan intaa kaga tagno qeexitaanka ribada, waxaynu eegi doonaa sida Quraanka iyo Hadiiska ribada loogu xaaraatinimeeyey oo ah qaab isku daba xig xiga.
QURAN
STAGE 1: IN DADKA LA BARO RIBADA IYO SHARKEEDA
And whatever you give for interest to increase within the wealth of people will not increase with Allah. But what you give in zakah, desiring the countenance of Allah – those are the multipliers. [Suuratul al-Rum: 30:39]
Ayaada waxa laga fahmi karaa in dad ay ka qaadanayaan dad kale ama qof kale lacagtiisii iyada oon loo marin wax dhib ah korodhkaas.
Aniga oo fadhiya Ayaan lacag ku damiyey waad kusoo shaqaysay anoo wali hadhkii fadhiya Ayaan Waxaan kaa qaaday lacagtii aan ku aamaahiyey iyo qayb ka mid ah faaiidadii aad usoo dhididay oo ah riba ama korodh aan xaq laguugu lahayn. (Economics Exploitation).
Markaa Allah (SW) wuxuu leeyahay lacagtaa aad sidaa ku hesheen ilaahay idin dhawayn mayso, laakin waxaad sadaqo ku bixisaan ayaa xaga ilaahay idiin kordhi kuwaasaana wax korodhsaday iyaga oo raadinaya ilaahay jacaylkiisa.
And [for] their taking of usury while they had been forbidden from it, and their consuming of the people’s wealth unjustly. And we have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful punishment. [Suuratul al nizaa: 4:161].
Ayaada waxa lala hadlayaa yuhuudii oo laga xaraantinimeeyey qaadashada ribada oo hadana xoolihii umada u cunaya si cadaalad daro ah:
marka cadaalad daradaasi bulshada isku duub nideedi way baabi`inaysaa ee ka imanaysa umada oo is boobta ,ina taajirto ina sii caydhawdo, waxaana ka fiican dayn bilaa dulsaar ah oo la siiyo dadka dhibaataysan.
And do not consume one another’s wealth unjustly or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that [they might aid] you [to] consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, while you know [it is unlawful][suuratul Baqarah:2:188]
Markaa wax walba oo korodh ah ood ku hesho riba ama khiyaano kale waa cadaalad daro.marka dhaqaalaha ku salaysan ribadada waxa dhaca handtidu inay cid qudha gacanta u gasho (transfer of wealth).
STAGE 2: SI SHARCIYA IN LOO XARAANTINIMEEYO IYADA OO WALI AY SII SOCOTO BARASHADA RIBA DULMIGEEDA IYO CADAALADDAREEDEDUBA
O you who have believed, do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, but fear Allah that you may be successful.[suuratul Aale-cimran: 3:130]
Ayaada wixii ka horeeyey ee riba ah ee kuu baaqiya waad helaysaa , laakin riba danbe oo cusub waa xaaraan. Waxaa sidan loo samaynayaa waxa weeyi ribadu waqtigaas aad bay u dhexgashay ganacsiga markaa halmar lama wada madnuucin ee mudo mudo ayaa loosoo waday madnuuceedeedi iyada lagu bilaabay dadka in la tuso dhibta ay leedahay.
XADIIS
STAGE 3: KA TIRTIRIDA RIBADA DHAQAALAHA GABI AHANBA
Khudbadii Rasuulku (SCW) uu ka jeediyey buurtii carafa ee xajjkii ugu horeeyey uguna danbeeyey Rasuulka(SCW) waxa uu ka yidhi ribada:
Dhamaan wixii riba ah ee idiin maqnaa waad ka tagaysaan laakin wixii aahaa lacagtiinii oo bilaa dulsaara waad leedihiin dhibna idin gaadhi mayso waxna la idinkama qaadan wixiinii waad haysataan markaa Ilahay (SW )waxa uu xakumay in aanay ribo danbe jiridoonin tii lagugu lahaa iyo tii aad dadka ku lahaydba.
WAA MAXAY SABABTA LOO XAARAANTIMEYEY RIDABADA, EE LOO XALAALEEYEY GANACSIGA?
Ribada waxaa loo xaarayntinimeeyey waa faaido ama korodh aad ku heshay xaqdaro. Macanaheedu waxa weeyi faaiido ama korodh waxaad xaq u yeelankartaa marka:
- Aad yeelato shayga
- Ed qaadato khatartiisa- waxa weeyi inaad waayi karto lacagtii aad shaygaa siisatay oo dhan ama qayb ka mid ama inaad heli karto waxaad filaysay ee faaiido ah in ka yar.
- Aad shaygaa aad u dhidido ood tacab galiso
- Aad wax ku dartoo shaygi oo markaa aad sii iibiso
- Aad u iibin karto si xor ah oo xalaala
Ganacsiga waxaa loo xalaaleeyey waa inaad hesho faaiido ama korod si xaq ah macnaheedu waxa weeyaan marka aad helayso faaiido ama korodh waxaad samaysay in aad
- Shaygii yeelato
- In aad khatartiisii qaadatay
- In aad wax ku dartay
- Inaad u dhididay
- Inaad si xor oo xalaala aad u iibiso ama aad u iibsato shayga.cidna hakula dagaalamin inay suuqa wax kuu iibiso cid ha isku dayin inaad suuqa ka saarto, adigu awooda saar tayada waxa suuqa aad keenayso
Hadafka laga leeyahay dhaqaalaha islaamka
He (sw) says referring to wealth: “That it does not become a commodity between the rich among you.” [Suuratul Al-Hashr: 59: 7]
Markaa ribadu waxayba kasoo horjeeda Ilaahay(SW) sida uu rabo in ay xooluhu ama hantida dadka u dhex wareegto. Ilaahay guurso ayuu ku yidhi markaa ma waxaad ku doodi guursanmaayee waan sinaysan! Oo sidaasa sax ah
Markaa wax walba oo faaiido ama dulsaara ah oo lagu helo si aan waafaqsanayn shareecada islaamka ee dhaqaalaha wuxuu keenayaa in farqiga u dhaxeeya taajiriinta iyo fiqiiriintu uu bato markaa kuwan soo socda oo dhami taas ayey keenanayaan:
- Monopoly(Suuq uu iibiye qudhii gacanta ku hayo)
- Hoarding( Badeecada intaad xerayso aad sugto inta ay qaaliyoobayso)
- Speclation( Adoo helaya macluumad ku sahabsan suuqa saamiyada markaana aad marna iibiso saamiga marna aad iibsato saamiga ,xagaana aad macaash ku samayso ah farqiga u dhaxeeya labada qiime, tani companiga waxba uma tartee saamiyada uubay qiimahoooda badbadashaa
- Undercutting( Inaad qiimaha hoo u dhigtid si aad cida kula tartamaysa aad suuqa uga saartid)
- Riba
- Muraabaxada
WAXAA DHICA MARKA RIBADU GASHO DHAQAALAHA:
- Waxa ku jira dulmi, tusaale ahaan qof hadh fadhiya iyo qof lacagtii ku shaqeeyey oo dhididay ayaa waxay wada wadaagayaan dheeftii qofkaasi soo dhididay shaqeeyey. Dadkaa sida dhibtaa yar wax ku helaa waxay noqonayaan mashaqaystayaal fadhiga wax ku cuna.
- Waxa kale oy keentaa in lacagtu ku uruto gacmo qudha
- Waxay keentaa sicirbarar
- Waxay hoos u dhigtaa kobaca dhaqaalaha
- Waxay jidaysaa daynta oo islaamku gaadhsiiyey inaan la qaadan ilaa daruuro ay timaado mooyaane.
- Waa keenta gumaysi iyo waji dadab ku dhaca qofka damaysan ee dulsaarna laga sugayo- shaqaada hadaad nacdo ka tagi kari maysid si aad daynta u bixiso waad joogi
WAA MAXAY FARQIGA U DHAXEEYAA LABA NIDAAM EE BAGIYADA RIBAWIGA AH IYO KUWA ISLAAMIGA AH INAGA OO KA EEGAYNA WAXYAALAHA AY QABTAAN?
Marka hore aan eegno sida ay Bangiyada islaamiga ahi u shaqeeyaan ee ka jira Somaliland aanan soo qaadano ina oo eegayna kontaragtiyadooda ka ugu caasan oo ah Muraabaxada
MURAABAXA
Muraabaxadu nooc khaas ah oo ka mida beeca ,noocaas u ah in la sheego qiimaha oo dhamayskatiran ee uu shaygani kugu taagan yahay oo lagu daro faa’iido ah boqol kiiba in ,shaqona kuma maalgalinta.
Riba al-Nasiah: korodh ka yimaada xaga iibka daynta ah
Tusaale ahaan: hadaad maanta shay aad igaga iibinayso dayn, ood waqti bil ah amaa sanad aad iga sugayso qiimaha waad dalacaysaa sababtuna waa kala duwanaanshaha laba xili een lacagta kala qaadanayo, marka dulsaarkaa noocaas ahi waa riba ,waayo hadaan wadato kaash oon maanta aan shayga kaa iibsanayo qiimuhu wuu ka yaraanayaa ka dayn iibka ah, dulsaaarkan waxaad ku xidhaysaa waqtiga ood leedahay lacag buu u dhigmaa.(Time value of money)
Waa maxay time value of money?
Time value of money macnaheedu waxa weeyaan: hal shilling ama hal dollar ood maanta haysataa wuu ka qiimo badanyahay hal shilling amaa hal dollar ood bari heshid sababtuna waa dollarka maantu wuxuu awood u leeyahay inuu shaqeeyo oo soo hoyn karo dulsaar marka loo eego ka bari. Markaa hal dollar oo maanta ah wuu ka qiimo badan yahay ka baritoole kusoo galaya.
Tusaale: $ 100 oo maanta ah iyo boqol dollar oo sanad ka bacdi aad heshaa isku qiimo maaha, waa maxay sababtu?
Qiimaha mustaqbalka ee boqolka dollaree maanta Vs Qiimaha boqolka dollar ee sanad ka bacdi.
Qaaciidada: Present Value: waxay is barbardhigtaa qiimaha lacagaha kala waqtiga ah.
FVt1 = PVto (1+the rate of interest)
FVt1 = 100(1+0.12) = 112. Boqol dollar ee maantu waxa uu u dhigmaa $112 sanad ka bacdi.
Boqolka dollar ee lagu siiyo sanad ka bacdina waxa uu u dhigamaa boqolkii dollar uun.
Halka
FV: Future Value
PV: Present Value
1: waa number fixed ah qaacidadaada wadata
to: waa maanta
t1: maanta sanad ka bacdi
Marka uu bangiga islaamiga ahi uu kula galayo heshiiska murabaxada ah side bay u dhacdaa?
Tusaale: laba xaaladood aan adeegsano
- Iyada oo gaadhiga dibada laga soo iibiyo: Gaadhiga laguu soo iibanayo eed ka codsatay baanka islaamiga ah waxa laga yaabaa inuu ka soo iibnayo Dubia.
Tusaale ahaana waa Verossa, laga yaabaa inuu ku taaganyahay $ 4500.
Markaa gaadhigaas la keeno suuqa hargaysa isaga oo numberkii ugu danbeeyey ah waxaa la siiynayaa $ 5000
Hadaba haday kaaga iibiyaan qiimaha suuqa oo ah $ 5000 ayna shanta Kun ee dollar kaa sugaan waxay helayaan dheef ah: 11% dheef ah .
dheeftani boqolkiiba boqol waa xalaal adigana way kuu fudaydiyeen inaad gaadhi hesho, bahidaadiina way ka jawaaben oo ahayd inaanad halmar lacagta wada bixin Karin ah.
- Waxa kale oo suurto gal ah: inaga oo wali isticmaalayna tusaaalahaa sare waxa dhici karta gaadhiga ay soo dajiyeen ee marka horeba ay ugu jirto 11% dheef ahi ayaa marka ay kaa iibinayaan waxay ku odhanayaan gaadhigan hada suuqa wuu ka joogaa $ 5000 markaa adiga Waxaan kaa siinaynaa $5600 waxaanad ku bixinaysaa sanad gudihii! Dheefta markan danbe u saarani waa 12 %. Tani boqolkiiba boqol waa Riba. Waxaana loo yaqaana Riba al –nasiyah.
Wayna ka badantahay Rida ay qaaadaan bangiyada ribawiga ahi.
- Xaalada ugu xuni waa:adiga oo sidii caadiga ahayd u taga iyaga una sheega baahidaada heshiisna kula gala inay kuu soo iibiyaan gaadhiga nooca aad rabto ood tidhaahdo Verossa 2004 model, oo ah numberkii u danbeeyey. sawiro waxaad joogtaa hargaysa bangiguna wuxuu ku yaalaa hargaysa. Waxay tagayaan macradka oo gurigaaga u jira shal talaabo kadib gaadhigii bay soo iibsanayaan iyagoo leh? Iyagoo khatartiisii qaatay? Iyagoo damaanad kaa haya, ayey gaadhigii kugu wareejiyeen qiimuhuna waa $5600 baankuna waa islaamic. tan idinkaan idiin ka tagay gaadhigaasi ku lamid ahina suuqa waxaa lagaa siinayaa hadaad kaash wadato $ 5000!
Gabogabadii
Bangiyada islaamiga sheegana laba qodob ayey kaga xunyihiin kuwa ribawiga ah
- Dulsaarka kuwa ribawiga ah baa ka yar kuwa islaamiga ah dulsaarkooda
- Bangiyada islaamiga ahi lacagtu bilaashbay ku soo gashaa, laakin ka ribawiga ah lacagta uu dadka dayminayo lacag buu ka bixiyaa dulsaar ah
Waa in dhamaan lala dagaalamaa laba nidaam ee isku midka ah ee magaca ku kala duwan waa kuwa sheeganaya bunuugta islaamka ah iyo kuwa ribawiga ah ee soo socdaba waa isku mid!
Allaa mahadleh
Maxamuud Faarax Warsame – dhaqaaleyahan – Boorama